Energy Band Gap Apparatus

The Energy Band Gap Apparatus using PN Junction Diode is a precision educational instrument designed to study the relationship between reverse saturation current and temperature for determining the approximate value of the energy band gap of a semiconductor. Manufactured by Elmo Labs and supplied by Elmo Agencies, a trusted scientific instrument manufacturer in Ambala, this apparatus is widely used in physics laboratories, engineering colleges, and educational institutions for semiconductor and electronics experiments.

The apparatus is equipped with an inbuilt variable regulated DC power supply ranging from 0-20V DC, enabling accurate voltage control during experimentation. A temperature-controlled electric oven houses the PN junction diode, allowing the diode temperature to be varied and monitored effectively. The front panel-mounted mercury thermometer provides precise temperature measurements, helping students observe the effect of temperature on reverse saturation current.

For accurate readings, the unit includes a voltmeter with a range of 0-20V DC and a current meter with a range of 0-500mA. The PN junction diode is securely placed inside the oven, with all necessary connections brought out through durable 4mm colour-coded sockets for easy and safe operation. This setup enables students to plot characteristics between reverse saturation current and voltage while calculating the energy band gap of the semiconductor material.

Designed for long-term laboratory use, the front panel is fabricated from high-quality Bakelite sheet with a clearly printed circuit diagram and symbols. The complete trainer is housed in a sturdy ABS plastic cabinet measuring approximately 310mm × 200mm. Standard accessories include an instruction manual and patch cords with 4mm connectors. For enhanced accuracy and convenience, the model is also available with square meters and a 3½ digit Digital Panel Meter (DPM). The Energy Band Gap Apparatus provides an effective hands-on learning experience for understanding semiconductor physics and electronic device characteristics.